Während anfängliche Ansätze beabsichtigten, mit dieser alternativen Drucktechnologie qualitativ ähnliche Druckresultate zu erzielen, nutzen neuere Ansätze deren Potenzial, um interaktive Drucke zu erstellen. Neben herkömmlichen taktilen Drucktechniken für blinde Menschen findet auch der 3D-Druck zunehmend Verbreitung. The participants were able to define important printing settings, whereas other printing parameters could be determined algorithmically. Our second user study examines the usability of the user interface when searching for 3D models on the internet and preparing them for the materialization. The feasibility of autonomous 3D printing for people with visual impairments is shown with a first user study. The whole process can be controlled by voice interaction. It comprises a search of the models in an annotated database and 3D model retrieval from the internet. In our architecture, technical details of 3D printers are abstracted by a separate component that can be accessed via Wi-Fi independently of the actual 3D printer used. An extended approach allowed searching and printing using common smartphones. In our initial study, we determined the requirements to accomplish this task by means of a questionnaire and developed a first approach that allowed personal computer-based 3D printing. This article describes our work to develop an aid for people with visual impairments that would facilitate autonomous searching for and printing of 3D models. In contrast to sighted people, people with visual impairments have so far, however, neither been able to search nor to print 3D models without assistance. Today these models can be materialized by 3D printing, which is increasingly used at schools for people with visual impairments. It concludes that visually impaired visitors’ limited experiences in museums could be surpassed and their visits enhanced by moving beyond accessibility, embracing inclusion, and focusing on the creation of multimodal and multisensory approaches to promote engaging, memorable, and exciting visiting opportunities for all.ģD models are an important means for understanding spatial contexts. Evaluation results with twenty-five participants who visited the exhibition in situ revealed its applicability within this context, and global satisfaction results showed to be very positive and mainly correlated to four variables: pleasantness of the interaction with digitally fabricated objects, entertainment provided by the ten experiences, interaction with the developed accessible interactives, and pleasantness regarding the handling of four manually fabricated replicas. Semi-structured interviews with seventy-two visually impaired Portuguese individuals revealed reasons and factors that contribute to positive and negative visiting experiences, and the statistical analysis of the assessment of sixteen accessibility resources demonstrates their frequency and potential usefulness in museum visits.Ī co-created framework to improve visitors’ autonomy is proposed, concluding that sensory, intellectual, and physical access must be integrated into the pre, on-site, and post phases of visiting museums.Īn accessible exhibition - Mysteries of the Art of Healing - mediated by technological solutions in ten interactive moments of the on-site visit was developed for the Pharmacy Museum of Porto, taking into account several principles proposed in the framework. This research aims to contribute to the field of accessibility in museums by investigating the limitations that hinder the participation of blind and partially sighted persons in those exhibitions, adopting a participatory design methodology. Few studies analyze applications of assistive technologies for multisensory exhibit design and relate them with visitors’ experiences. The situation is worsened by a frequent lack of physical, intellectual, and sensory access to exhibits or replicas, increased by the inaccessibility to use information and communication technology-based alternatives or augmentative communication resources that may allow different interactions to sighted visitors.
People with visual impairments generally experience many barriers when visiting museum exhibitions, given the visual centricity of these exhibitions. But millions of visually impaired persons worldwide are still deprived of access to enjoying and engaging with collections. New, renewed, and innovative museum experiences are constantly being provided to the general public.
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